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Submitted
September 25, 2024
Accepted
October 25, 2024
Published
December 8, 2024
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Abstract

— This study developed a hydroponic control system to regulate nutrient concentration (PPM) and water volume using a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller. The PI controller was chosen for its simplicity and effectiveness in systems that do not require fast response times. A trial-and-error method was used to tune the Kp and Ki values, which were implemented in an ATMega328 microcontroller. The system consists of one AC pump and two DC pumps: DC Pump-1 controls the PPM by supplying liquid fertilizer, while DC Pump-2 regulates the water volume. The results showed that modifying the PI controller with an integrator limitation improved performance. For PPM control, a limit of 13000 with Kp = 2 and Ki = 0.01 resulted in a 0.5% error, 56.8-second rise time, and a 4.8% overshot. For water level control, a limit of 12000 with Kp = 100 and Ki = 0.16 yielded a 3.25% error, 2% overshot, and a 65.4-second rise time. The test results demonstrated that the use of AB Mix can be reduced by up to 26% compared to a conventional PID, with an initial PPM value of around 350.

Keywords

Automated Farming, Hydroponic System, Integrator, PID, PPM.

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How to Cite
Akhinov, I. A., Nuralam, N., Kusumastuti, S. L., Purwanti, B. S. R., & Fadhilah, A. N. (2024). Hydroponic System with Integrator Modified on PI Controller for Nutrient and Water Regulation. TEPIAN, 5(4), 150–157. https://doi.org/10.51967/tepian.v5i4.3157
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