Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Bogor Provinsi Jawa Barat

Muhammad Nur Fajri; Insan Kurnia

doi:10.51967/tanesa.v23i2.2092

Authors

Muhammad Nur Fajri Ekowisata Sekolah Vokasi, Institut Pertanian Bogor
Insan Kurnia Ekowisata Sekolah Vokasi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51967/tanesa.v23i2.2092

Keywords:

Burung, habitat, Keanekaragaman, pedesaan, Sukamakmur

Abstract

Burung adalah komponen unik ekosistem yang dapat dijumpai di berbagai lanskap termasuk lanskap pedesaan. Dominasi kegiatan pertanian menjadi ciri lanskap ini. Kecamatan Sukmakmur Kabupaten Bogor merupakan lanskap pedesaan yang belum pernah terdapat publikasi berkaitan dengan ornitologi di wilayah ini. Peran penting burung serta manfaatnya bagi lingkungan, menjadikannya alasan penting untuk melakukan penelitian yang terkait dengan keanekaragaman jenis burung di suatu wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman jenis burung di Kecamatan Sukamakmur Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Maret sampai Mei 2021 di delapan tipe habitat yaitu hutan sengon, hutan akasia, kebun campuran, semak belukar, padang rumput, sawah, danau, dan sungai. Data burung diambil dengan metode IPA berukuran diameter 40 meter selama 10 menit. Data habitat diambil dengan mendeskripsikan kondisi vegetasi yang dominan. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk status jenis burung, sementara data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan chi-square, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, dan indeks kemerataan. Keanekaragaman jenis burung yang dijumpai sebanyak 35 jenis dari 22 suku dan 10 ordo tersebar di seluruh tipe habitat. Seluruh jenis burung merupakan catatan baru ornitologi untuk Kecamatan Sukamakmur. Enam jenis burung termasuk dilindungi perundangan Indonesia dan dua jenis termasuk dalam Daftar Apendiks CITES. Satu jenis burung yaitu Ayamhutan hijau (Gallus varius) termasuk jenis unik yang tidak dijumpai pada wilayah lain yang berdekatan sehingga menjadi ciri jenis burung di lanskap pedesaan Kecamatan Sukamakmur. Jenis burung paling banyak ditemukan di habitat kebun campuran dan padang rumput (25 jenis burung), sementara yang paling sedikit adalah habitat sawah (tujuh jenis burung). Tiga jenis burung dapat ditemukan di seluruh tipe habitat. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis burung tertinggi di habitat sungai (H’=2,71) dan terendah di habitat hutan sengon (H’=1,67). Nilai indeks kemerataan jenis burung tertinggi di habitat hutan akasia (E=0,97) dan terendah di habitat sawah (E=0,70).

Author Biographies

Muhammad Nur Fajri, Ekowisata Sekolah Vokasi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Insan Kurnia, Ekowisata Sekolah Vokasi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

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